Mathematical Induction 

There are various methods of proving theorem. There are two familiar methods known as the deductive method and inductive method. 

The direct method known as the deductive method in which the results are proved using the established axioms, definitions or the theorems already proved. 

The indirect method known as the inductive method where the results are proved by making observations or experiments and drawing conclusion on the basis of these.

Many mathematical theorems which are complicated to prove by direct method, are proved easily by indirect method known as the mathematical induction.  

Method of inductive proof

First, we prove the theorem for n = 1. When the theorem is true for n = 1, we shall that it is also true for n = 1 + 1 = 2. In same way, we prove that it is true for 2 + 1 = 3 and so on Then we conclude that the theorem is true for all values of n.